International Business Law Essay - 920 Words

1. State X has accepted the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice(ICJ) in a unilateral declaration pursuant to Article 36(2) of the ICJ’s Statute. The declaration, however, contains the following provision: â€Å"This declaration shall not apply to disputes with regard to matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of State X as determined by State X.†(a) Is this provision valid?(b) In a suit between State X and State Y, may State Y invoke this provision as to matters it considers within its own domestic jurisdiction? Explain. 2. State A sues State B in the International Court of Justice. The ICJ hands down a judgment that is adverse to State B. State B refuses to comply with the judgment. What can State A do to†¦show more content†¦Discuss. 5. State U had a long- standing relationship with N, the President of State P. President N had regularly provided information to State U’s national intelligence agency on activities of the political foes of State U both in State P and in the countries that neighbor State P. At the same time, State U had long ignored N’s activities in helping drug runners transport illicit drugs into State U. Now, a change in the government in State U has caused State U not only to disassociate itself from the intelligence activities of President N but also to condemn his drug-related dealings. In need of a boost in the political polls, the President of State U orders his military to invade State P and apprehend President N. This is done. President N is then put on trial in a State U court for violation of State U’s anti-drug statutes (a) Assuming that the court can be impartial, does it have jurisdiction to try President N? (b) Is President N immune from prosecution? Explain. 6. Eye Co. a shipping company headquartered and incorporated in State I, signed a contract with Kay Co. a company headquartered and incorporated in State K , to transport goods for Kay Co. from State K to State L. No provisions were made in the contract about where disputes would be settled or what law would be used to resolve them. As Eye Co.’s ship delivering the goods was entering the harbor of the capital city of State L. the ship blew up ,destroying all of Kay Co.’s goods . Kay Co.Show MoreRelatedInternational Business Law2579 Words   |  11 PagesWORD COUNT: 1981 TABLE OF CONTENT: Pg 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Significance of trade and investment to world economic growth Overview of trade and investment law 2. Trends in Trade and Investment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Volume of trade and investment in the last 5yrs in terms of growth Contribution to global economy FDI and Developing nations 3. Effects of Trade liberalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Discuss trade liberalization and legal principles DiscussRead MoreInternational Business Law Essay3061 Words   |  13 Pages------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW ------------------------------------------------- BUSA 391 – SUMMER 2010 Prepared For: Professor Leslie Beck By: Gabriela Popescu ID: 260224311 June 17, 2010. Six months ago, Antiques R Us (a Canadian corporation) entered intoRead MoreInternational Business And Internet Law Essay2173 Words   |  9 Pages Flora Schulte Nordholt Sassi Nida Bhagat International Business and Internet Law Duo assignments (2000 words) Assignment 3 -Thomas van Essen - Dutch Supermarket moves cross-border In this paper we would like to advise the Dutch supermarket chain on their plans of expanding their services globally. The supermarket chain wants to do this by means of an online platform service from which customers can order their groceries. They will have local distribution centers where the groceries will be deliveredRead MoreCase Analysis : International Business Law4792 Words   |  20 PagesLLM International Business Law LAWS 7100 Advanced Legal Skills End of module assessment: Case analysis Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 Written by: David T. Dickson Introduction The purpose of this assignment is to discuss the creation and application the case law resulting from the decision in Donoghue v Stevenson . This decision is often cited in relation to the tort of negligence and a duty of care. As such it could be misunderstood as being the preeminent case for the principlesRead MoreModule Name- International Business Law2023 Words   |  9 PagesName- Paras Gupta Module Name- International Business Law (LWO2999) Module Teacher- Mrs. Lilian Miles Student Number- M00432962 Word Count- 2021 words â€Æ' Introduction In the day to day activities of the business, Parties often face some problems in terms of transactions. Sometimes these transactions are violated because of offenses committed by one of the parties. However a contract is formed in order to solve these issues. Contract The word ‘Contract’ in simple words can be explained asRead MoreSustainable Development and International Business Law Report3868 Words   |  16 PagesSustainable development and international business law 1) Executive summary This scenario involves four countries and four separate business transactions. Further, it involves several main legal issues which will be dealt with in the discussion. * The first issue is which law will govern the transactions between the parties – domestic or international law, and the implications of both. * The scenario raises the issue of the selection of incoterms which will best accommodate the interestRead MoreInternational Business Club At Your School1154 Words   |  5 Pagespresident of the International Business Club at your school. You are trying to recruit new members and find many students do not recognise the importance of international business or the career opportunities available to them. You decide to give a presentation on this theme. Prepare a short presentation (150 words) in which you explain: a. what types of companies participate in international business, and b. possible career opportunities from studying international business. (5,3 marks) a.Read MoreDomestic Marketing vs International Marketing2276 Words   |  10 PagesDomestic marketing vs International marketing Domestic marketing and International marketing are same when it comes to the fundamental principle of marketing. Marketing is an integral part of any business that refers to plans and policies adopted by any individual or organization to reach out to its potential customers. A web definition defines marketing as a process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges thatRead MoreThe Role Of Women Judges On International Courts And Tribunals962 Words   |  4 PagesAssociate Professor and Deputy Director of the Center for International and Comparative Law at the University of Baltimore School of Law, where she teaches public international law topics and conflict of laws. Her most recent scholarship, published in the American Journal of International Law and forthcoming in the Virginia Journal of International Law, examines the causes of and possible solutions for the paucity of women judges on international courts and tribunals. She has presented her work atRead MoreThe Environment And The Culture Of A Country2269 Words   |  10 PagesThe environment and the culture of another country can greatly affect a business that is operating internationally in many ways. Since every country has its own culture and values that differ from country to country, it will affect any business that is attempting to expand internationally, as there won’t only be one culture that ought to be considered before expanding internationally, but quite a few, and also what might be considered as acceptable in one country, it may not be in another. Every

Analysis Of Civil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau

Nineteenth century America was an eventful time in history. It saw the second conflict between both the British and the American armies in the War of 1812, the arrival of the Industrial Revolution, the agreement that Manifest Destiny was a legitimate reason for westward expansion, the heated debate on the African slave trade that culminated in the American Civil War, the loss of one of the greatest presidents in U.S. history, Abraham Lincoln, and, more fittingly for this paper, the emergence of American transcendentalist writers. One writer in particular was Henry David Thoreau, who many historians consider to be the inventor of nonviolent protest as a means of reforming a government. This concept is explained in detail in his piece, Civil†¦show more content†¦Another instance of him using the word â€Å"man† is when he writes, â€Å"A man has not everything to do, but something; and because he cannot do everything, it is not necessary that he should do something wro ng† (Thoreau 312). Given this quote, he is expanding on his earlier point that people are not obligated to reform society for the masses, which hints at the philosophy of ethical egoism, or, as Stanford University explains, â€Å"Ethical egoism claims that it is necessary and sufficient for an action to be morally right that it maximize ones self-interest† (â€Å"Egoism†). Simply put, the only morality that exists is one that which ultimately benefits one’s self-interests, and not the interests of the group, or in this case, society itself. In this respect, Thoreau is clearly defining the main goal of the American transcendentalism movement and, as said earlier, instilling a sense of individuality in his audience by rarely using the plural version of â€Å"man,† therefore making Thoreau highly effective and charismatic in getting his readers to agree with his main point. A third and final time to mention of him utilizing repetition of the word †Å"man† to further his argument is when he writes that, â€Å"What is the price-current of an honest man and patriot today . . . There are nine hundred and ninety nine patrons of virtue to one virtuous man† (Thoreau 309). Yet again, Thoreau successfully utilizes repetition in this quote, which serves as a reminder that people should stillShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Civil Disobedience, By Henry David Thoreau713 Words   |  3 PagesHenry David Thoreau, author of â€Å"Civil Disobedience† and Walden, has become one of the most influential authors of all time in the eyes of many. Though some might be led to believe his essays and writings, including â€Å"Where I Lived, and What I lived For†, make him a down to earth and even rugged author, as he spent some of his life in the forest. However, his life in the woods was not one of heavy duty work and he often was supported with objects and material possessions, contrary to what many of hisRead MoreAnalysis Of T he Poem Civil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau1219 Words   |  5 Pagesignorant to the problems others faced. In the essay â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Henry David Thoreau, Thoreau spent a night in jail for refusing to pay his taxes. After his night in jail, the author has a perspective change about the people around him (his â€Å"neighbors†) and the state. Before he went to jail he thought of his neighbors as friends who were civil when it did not cost them anything and he believed they shared common beliefs. But after Thoreau was imprisoned he says â€Å"that they did not greatlyRead MoreHenry David Thoreau Resistance To Civil Disobedience Analysis1508 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the era of the civil disobedience, individuals took stand and fight for their rights. the government took actions that violated the rights of others or took restrictions that angered residence. Resistance to civil government by Henry David Thoreau is an essay written about his opin ion on opposing the government that was taking control of people’s rights, motivating his disagreement of slavery and the Mexican-American war. Mahatma Gandhi, a leader who fought for the Indians independent movementRead MoreLessons in Civil Disobedience828 Words   |  4 Pagesto its effectiveness, individualism, and past history of the world that has made immense progress. It is important to notice that if civil disobedience was not effective, then it would not be continually used to disobey the law. In The Role of Civil Disobedience in Democracy† by Kayla Starr, she explains why we have the right to participate in civil disobedience. â€Å"The U.S. Bill of Rights asserts that the authority of a government is derived from the consent of the governed, and whenever any formRead MoreThe Effect Of Transcendentalism : Henry David Thoreau1654 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Transcendentalism: Henry David Thoreau Transcendentalism is the American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century that was rooted in the pure Romanticism of the English and the German (Goodman). Ralph Waldo Emerson is considered the father of Transcendentalism because his literature is the first to praise the notable spirituality of nature. The basic belief of the movement is to live authentically; being true to oneself (Day). The movement itselfRead MoreHenry David Thoreau1930 Words   |  8 PagesBiographical Summary Henry David Thoreau was born on July 12, 1817 in Concord, Massachusetts, and was the son of John Thoreau, a pencil maker, and Cynthia Dunbar (â€Å"Henry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ency. of World). Growing up in a â€Å"modest New England family,† Thoreau was one of four children and was accustomed to living practically (McElroy). As his family was â€Å"permanently poor,† he came to accept a moderate lifestyle, which may have later influenced his thoughts on the necessities of life (â€Å"Henry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ency. of World). As aRead MoreHenry David Thoreau: The Grat Transcendentalist Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesHenry David Thoreau along with a select group of people propelled the short movement of transcendentalism during the 1830s to the 1850s and was later brought up during the Vietnam War. Many of the transcendentalist ideas came from student who attended Harvard University during this time period. Henry David Thoreau’s individualistic anarchist views on society we re developed throughout his early life and later refined in his years of solitude; these views on society and government are directly expressedRead MoreEssay about Henry David Thoreaus Enlightenment and Ideas 1355 Words   |  6 Pages Civil Disobedience is one of Henry David Thoreaus most famous essays. One of the major problems most critics see with this essay deals with Thoreaus seemingly contradictory statements about society from the beginning to the end. Barry Wood, a well-known critical writer, attributes this change in beliefs to the enlightenment of Thoreau in jail. While I agree with Wood that Thoreau does achieve a form of enlightenment, I will show that Thoreaus views regarding the society he lived in neverRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreaus Letter From A Birmingham Jail1605 Words   |  7 PagesToday I will be comparing Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau and The Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and taking a closer l ook at their rhetorical devices and strategy’s. In Civil disobedience by Henry David Thoreau shows us the need to prioritize some one’s wellbeing over what the law says. American laws are criticized mostly over slavery and the Mexican-American war. In Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† was written in response to a letterRead MoreTranscendentalism : The And The Movement1027 Words   |  5 Pagesa reaction against the general state of intellectualism. During what years did the movement occur? The Transcendentalist movement occurred during the 1820s, and 1830s. List 5 major authors associated with the movement Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Explain what Transcendentalist believed about each of the following topics: Human Nature They were to live independently, all you need is your mind, knowledge is born with. They also believed that an institution

Indenting Free Essays

Indenting Principles of indenting: – ? Budget. ? Type of Establishment. ? Method of Preparation. We will write a custom essay sample on Indenting or any similar topic only for you Order Now ? Availability in Season. ? Place of Availability. ? Left overs in Hand. 1] Budgeting: – Budget of an orgnisation. A fixed indenting that means amount of money which is spent for a particular dish. e. g. : – A particular dish can be prepared by using expensive items as given in the original recipe, but if it does not fit the budget some manipulation have to be done use of substitutes n inferior quality ingredients can be used. Portion size can be reduced keeping the price of the dish constant which will directly affect indenting. ] Type of Establishment: – The amount of food required for different places is different. e. g. : – Industrial canteens serve 150 gms of rice per portion whereas rice served in a buffet or banquet party of a 5 star hotel is 40-50 gms per portion. 3] Method of Preparation: – It also affect indenting that means many ways can be used to prepare n get a desire result. For a dish n amount of ingredients vary directly due to the different methods of preparation. e. g. : – Rice can be prepared by draining method or absorption method the yield in draining method is much more than absorption method. So it affects indenting. 4] Availability in Season: – Food ingredients available in the season should be used for preparing a dish which affect indenting directly. e. g. : – In preparation of Aloo Mutter during season fresh peas should be indented n in off season dried or frozen. 5] Place of Availability: – For purchasing of food ingredients in hotel and organizations, tenders are invited and suppliers with the lower quotation and good quality get the order. The quantity is considered while indenting the price which should be reasonably low than other quotation. 6] Leftovers in Hands: – They are used to make up new dishes and serve to the customers as today’s special. This helps the organisations to control wastage of food and the additional item will also reduce indenting of goods. Portion for Bulk Production Quantity and portion for bulk production are as follows: – A] Rice: – †¢ Absorption Method: – 100 gms per portion. †¢ Draining Method: – 75-80 gms per portion. †¢ Industrial Canteen: – 125-150 gms per portion. †¢ Buffet: – 40-50 gms per portion. Proportion of rice and Vegs is 2:1 and rice and mutton is 4:3. B] Indian Breads: – C] Mutton: – †¢ Mutton with bones 125 gms per portion. Without bones 80 gms per portion. †¢ If served in a thali 40-50 gms per portion. †¢ Minced meat 60 gms per portion. †¢ Chicken with bone 125 gms per portion. †¢ Chicken with bone 75 gms per portion. †¢ Avearge or Std wt of Chicken is 1. 36 kg. †¢ 1 Kg of boneless chic ken in gives 450-500 gms. †¢ Tandoori chicken is served 2 portion from per chicken. †¢ Roast chicken is served 4 portion from a chicken. †¢ Chicken used for gravies 8 portion from per chicken. †¢ Chicken used in soups 30 gms per portion. D] Fish: – – 1 std fish gives 5 portion and 2 or 4 fillets which is 80 gms per portion. – Prawns without shelling 120 gms per portion. After shelling 100 gms per portion. E] Veg: – ? Besan used 250 gms for 1 kg of potatoes ? Oil 7. 5ml per wada. ? 1 kg of sago- 50 wada. F] Dal: – 1. 30 gms per portion but when served in a buffet 10-12 gms per portion. Chana, Rajma, Chawli – 40 gms per portion becomes double after boiling and 120 gms of gravy after preparation. 2. 1 kg of udid dal gives 55 nos of medu wadas. 3. 1 kg of chana dal gives 45 nos of dal wadas. 4. For idlis rice and dal proportion is 2:1. 1 kg will give 40 dosa. 5. 1 coconut gives 200 ms of coconut which serve 30 people. 6. Pickles 0. 5 per portion. 7. Papad 1 per portion. 5-30 nos per packet. G] Desserts: – †¢ Sheera 40 gms of rawa 30 gms sugar, 10 gms of fat, 80-100 ml of water or milk for 1 porion. †¢ Semiyan Kheer, Semiya 15 gms, milk 100 ml, sugar 30-40 gms, fat 10-15 gms per portion. If dry semiyas is made 45-50 gms is taken for one portion and milk is reduce accordingly. †¢ Gulab Jamun, 1kg of mawa-80 gulab jamun. 200 gms of refined flour for binding 2 kg of sugar for syrup. †¢ Jalebi, 1 kg of maida, 200 gms of bean, 200 ml of oil, 200 gms curd and 2 kg of sugar for syrup. †¢ Boondis, 1kg of besan- 5kg of sweet boondies, suagr 2. 5 kg. 1 kg of besan gives 2. 5-3 kg of Khara Boondi. Custard for 2 portion, 1 egg, 30 gms sugar, 150 ml milk, 7-8 gms gelatine. †¢ Rasgullas, 1 ltr of milk gives 300-400 gms cottage cheese which gives 40 rasugullas, suagr 2 kg for syrup. Practical difficulties involved in indenting: – Indenting is similar to requisition which is an inter-department document sent for a particular requirement which may be dry goods, food stuffs, cleaning materials or stationery. However in terms of food it is always referred to an indent which means a document stating requirement of goods in terms of description, quality specification, units and quantity required etc. t is sent to the stores. Stores collect indent from various department and collectively p lace order to the supplier to send such material on a specified date and time. Factors affecting indenting in the terms just explained above it is not easy when indenting for smaller quantity for 1 recipe because 1 batch of goods would be excess for that recipe. Indenting for a 1000 meal or buffet or banquet or coffee shop or industrial canteen is much easier than indenting. For single portion the factors considered while in denting for large quantity are:- ] No of persons: – Larger the number of people lesser the quantity. 2] No of items on the menu: – More the no of items quality are less. 3] Choice provided on the menu. 4] No of non-veg items on the menu. 5] Vegetarian alternatives. 6] No of vegetarians. 7] Beef, Mutton, Chicken etc eaten. 8] Inclusion of Indian bread. 9] Types of Clientele. 10] Choice of desserts provided. 11] Consistency of the dish. E. g. thick or thin gravies. 12] Selling price of the menu. 13] par stock of raw material. 14] Mise-en-place to be done. 15] Type of service. E. g. Banquet, buffets or table service[pic][pic] How to cite Indenting, Essay examples

Effect of Incorporation of Carrot Powder in Wheat Flour free essay sample

Effect of Incorporation of Carrot Powder in Wheat Flour for the Preparation of Stick Noodles Kripa Shakya1 and Anup Halwai2 1. College of Applied Food and Dairy Technology,Kathamndu, Nepal 2. Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Kathamndu, Nepal [emailprotected] com Abstract Noodles were prepared by incorporating carrot powder in the percentage of 5, 10, 15 and 20 in wheat flour. The main objective of the work was to prepare the nutritious noodle enriched with Vitamin A. Sensory evaluation of the carrot powder incorporated stick noodles revealed that the product prepared with 5% carrot powder and 95% wheat flour was found to be most acceptable. The chemical analysis of the most acceptable product were found out to be 10. 8% moisture, 0. 6% fat, 10. 3 % crude protein, 0. 7% crude fiber,1. 7% total ash, 0. 1% acid insoluble ash, 75. 8% carbohydrate and 12166 I. U. Vitamin A content. Keywords: Noodle, wheat flour, carrot powder, Vitamin A 1. Introduction: Noodles are among the oldest forms of the processed foods consumed in Asia and other parts of the world (Hou, 2001). We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Incorporation of Carrot Powder in Wheat Flour or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Noodles can be prepared from wheat flour alone and/or in combination with other ingredients such as rice flour, buckwheat and mung bean.. In the noodle preparation, a crumbly dough is formed which is then passed through a series of rolls to form a sheet. The sheet is then slit to produce noodles (Hou, 2001). Carrot (Daucus carota) is a root vegetable, usually orange or red- white blend in color with crisp texture when fresh. Carrot gets its characteristic and bright orange color from ? carotene, which is metabolized into vitamin A in human when bile salts are present in the intestines. Carrots are also rich in dietary fiber, and antioxidants. Carrot can also promote colon health as it is rich in fiber. Vitamin A deficiency remains widespread in many countries in South Asia and contributes to a significant proportion of preventable blindness (Bloem, 1997). Vitamin A supplementation can reduce the risk of blindness in case of the children (Hennig et al. 1991). In Nepal, two types of noodles are consumed. They are stick (sinke) noodle and instant noodle. In case of instant noodle, different ingredients and nutrients has been added to improve the nutrient content and to increase the consumer appeal such as iron, calcium and vitamin A and different flavors like spinach, chicken and vegetables. But, to the best of my knowledge, in case of noodles, no such studies have been conducted. The main objective of this research is to prepare the noodle enriched with Vitamin A and to analyze its chemical composition of the product. 2. Materials and methods: The raw materials used for the noodle making for wheat flour, carrot powder and salt. Five samples of stick noodles were prepared and labeled A (0% carrot powder and 100% wheat flour), B (5% carrot powder and 95% wheat flour), C (10% carrot powder and 90% wheat flour), D (15% carrot powder and 85% wheat flour) and E (20% carrot powder and 80% wheat flour). Wheat flour was cleaned by passing through a fine sieve screen. Fresh carrots were washed with potable water, sliced, dried at 100Â ±2 ? C for 6 hours. The dried carrots were then powdered in the grinder. Salt was bought from the local market. The method involved cleaning of raw materials, sieving, mixing, of water, kneading, sheeting, cutting, drying and packaging. The raw materials were weighed and mixed manually. 1% of salt was added to the mixture. The required amount of water (33%) was added to the flour. The mixture was kneaded manually to form dough and then left for 30 minutes. The dough was passed through rollers to obtain a sheet. Then it was passed through the cutter to cut into strips. The noodles were dried at a low humidity room for 3 days and then sun drying was done for 1 hour. The products were packed in a plastic bag to protect from the moisture absorption and also to extend its shelf-life. Sensory evaluation of the five noodles samples were performed. Ten panelists were asked to score for the quality attributes viz. , color, flavor, texture and taste in order of their preference according the 9-point Hedonic rating test described by Ranganna (1994). Chemical analyses were performed for the best sample from the sensory evaluation The moisture content and ash content were determined as per AOAC method (1995)Fat rude fiber content and protein content were determined as per Ranganna, 1994. Vitamin content was determined by HPLC as prescribed by Pharmacopeia, 1985. The product was also tested for physical properties such as length, color, edge and thickness. The cooking quality of the product was also determined in terms of cooking time, water absorption capacity, volume expansion and cooking loss as per Poudyal, 1988. 3. Results and Discussions The moisture content of the wheat flour was determined as 12. 2% and its gluten content was determined as 10%. To make noodles, the wheat flour containing 10-12% gluten is suitable. The quality of the wheat flour to make noodles depend on the gluten. If the gluten content is low, there is chance of breakage of noodles. Similarly, the moisture content of the carrot powder was determined as 9. 5%. Sample A with 5% carrot powder had the highest score in terms of quality attributes although the quality attributes among other products except product D (with 20% carrot powder) were not significantly different. (p=0. 05) In case of stick noodle, according to Nepal Standard, the moisture content must not exceed 12. 5%. The moisture content of both type of noodle is less than 12. 5% and there is no big difference between the moisture content of the two products. The protein content of stick noodle must not be less than 8% on dry basis. The protein content of plain noodle was found to be 10. 2% and that of carrot noodle was found to be 10. 3%. There was not much difference in the protein content because the protein content in carrot is very low. Fat is an energy giving constituent. Fat content of the plain noodle was found to be 0. 6% and that of carrot noodle was found to be 0. 6%. The fiber content of the plain noodle was found to be 0. 35% and that of carrot noodle was found to be 0. 7%. The fiber content in high in carrot.

Alcoholism Essays - Alcohol Abuse, Psychiatric Diagnosis

Alcoholism CUNNING, BAFFLING, POWERFUL, PATIENT AND DEADLY Alcoholism: Today's substance abuse, whether alcohol or drugs, continues to be a major social problem. Common patterns occur in all forms of substance abuse. While some types of substance abuse problems are slightly different in terms of causes and cures, experts agree that there are some do's and don'ts which relate to kicking the abuse habit. If you or a loved one have a substance abuse problem, this article can give you sound advice on understanding what substance abuse is, and what to do about it. In this article, we will refer to alcohol, although the word drug may be used synonymously in place of alcohol. What is Alcoholism? Alcoholism is a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by continuous or periodic: impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. The rational for continued use of alcohol is centered on, Common addiction distortions. MENTAL FILTER:Magnify the negative details and eliminate the positive.E.g. - using alcohol is so incredible. It is the most pleasurable thing I know. (filter out the negative effects) POLARIZED THINKING: Things are black and white, good or bad. You are perfect or a complete failure.E.g. - My life would be void of pleasure with out alcohol. OVERGENERAL- ZATIONTo come to a general conclusion based on a single incident or piece of evidence.E.g. - Alcohol has made for some great times with friends. I must have alcohol in order to capitalize on the potential for fun. MIND READINGYou think you are able to define how people are thinking about you.E.g. - People will not like me if I give up alcohol. There is a side that come out that is very attractive. CATASTROPHIC EXAGGERATIONYou expect disaster, and disaster means the end of the world. E.g. - I won't be able to tolerate the discomfort of sobriety I AM CONTROLLEDYou feel externally controlled, you see yourself as helpless and a victim of fate. E.g. - The alcohol makes my days tolerable, without it, I'll not be able to function. I MUST CONTROLYou feel that control is an all or nothing thing. Any ease on the reins will result in a fall so disastrous you will never regain control.E.g. - Without alcohol I may get depressed, and I will never be able to come out of it. BLAMINGYou hold other people responsible for your pain.E.g. - If I give up my drinking, I will be a bare wire, forced to face my abuse riddled past. These are common patterns of substance addiction, keeping in mind that most alcoholics are unwilling to admit they are real alcoholics and fit into one or more of these categories. No person likes to think he is bodily and mentally different from other people. Therefore, it is not surprising that their drinking careers have been characterized by countless vain attempts to prove they could drink like other people. The idea that somehow, someday they will control and enjoy their drinking is the great obsession of every abnormal drinker. The persistence of this illusion is astonishing. Many pursue it into the gates of insanity or death. The John Hopkins University Hospital in Baltimore uses the following questions as a test for alcoholism. #YesNo 1Do you loose time from work due to drinking? 2Is drinking making your home life unhappy? 3Do you drink because you are shy with other people? 4Is drinking affecting you reputation? 5Have you ever felt remorse after drinking? 6Have you gotten into financial difficulties as a result of drinking? 7Do you turn to lower companions and an inferior environment when drinking? 8Does your drinking make you careless of your family's welfare? 9Has your ambition decreased since drinking? 10Do you crave a drink at a definite time daily? 11Do you want a drink the next morning? 12Does drinking cause you to have difficulty in sleeping? 13Has your efficiency decreased since drinking? 14Is drinking jeopardizing your job or business? 15Do you drink to escape from worries or troubles? 16Do you drink alone? 17Have you ever had a complete loss of memory because of drinking? 18Has your physician ever treated you for drinking? 19Do you drink to build your self-confidence? 20Have you ever been to a hospital or institution on account of drinking? If you have answered yes to any one of the questions, there is a definite warning you may be alcoholic. For those of you that answered with more than

buy custom The Nursing Shortage essay

buy custom The Nursing Shortage essay It is evident that there are critical nursing shortages in many hospitals, which affect patients, nurses, physicians, as well as hospital administrators (Buerhaus, 2000). After conducting a random survey to determine the impact of the shortage of nurses in my department, I concluded that it is something critical due to increase in the number of preventable deaths. The situation has affected nurse-patient relationships, communication, quality of care and overall efficiency. Often nursing shortages have effects on patient safety, as it impacts on early detection of their complications (Buerhaus, 2000). I realized that there was an urgent need to develop team collaboration so as to improve patient care, as well as their safety. However, it has not been easy to increase the number of nurses to the required level due to many other factors, including financial constraints. Hospital administrators and nurses need to work as a team and come up with ways of dealing with the shortage as they work more closely than before. Generally, patient care should be a shared goal that needs discipline and teamwork (Buerhaus, 2000). Since we cannot reverse the shortage of nurses immediately, there should be communication to help strengthen the relationship between the existing nurses and improve the quality of patient care. Nursing shortage is currently a big problem caused by a lack of new students joining the nursing career, an aging workforce, and rapid population growth, thereby resulting in an increased need for better healthcare (Buerhaus, 2000). It is evident from several other reports that a significant percentage of patient death or injury is as a result of inadequate nurse staffing. It is a problem that also affects the nurses; they are overworked due to increased workloads, working for longer hours, and most importantly, there are limited resources needed to provide a high quality of healthcare to the patients. This takes its toll on the assessment of patients, diagnosis as well as treatment. The number of nurses required in a hospital depends on its size and number of patient beds present. This means that on a daily basis the patients to nurse ratio depends on the number of patients that each department has. My department has lots of patients daily, which results in understaffing as the hospital does not have the required finances to hire new nurses. A nurse has lot of work, when to consider patient history, the time and attention a single patient requires and medications. So, if there are many patients in a department like ours, there will be lots of work required and patients will end up receiving less attention and care. Getting more nurses has become a problem because of inadequate nursing programs as well as insufficient amount of instructors to guide them. Addressing the shortage of nurses will go a long way to addressing the current weaknesses seen in patient care. Inadequate staffing levels impact on both nurses and patients, but most importantly on the finances. Many deaths are caused by increase in costs of treating some diseases. The cost of care that goes into treating these patients will increase. Notably, nursing shortages affect the hospital in terms of fiscal management; not many patients will get the quality care they deserve, hence a rise in the cost needed to treat them. Hospitals are under a lotof pressure to come up with an environment that promotes quality care and guarantee safety, while at the same time controlling costs. To improve the hospitals financial health, I propose a number of customized solutions that are flexible and scalable as well. Notably, the solutions have to work within the hospitals budget so as to maximize investments and savings. For many years, nursing shortages have been solved by hiring or recruiting nurses from other states or countries such as Canada, India, and English-speaking African countries, as well as increasing their wages (Clifford, 1988). However, after conducting a survey, the current shortage of nurses in the hospital requires long term planning and solutions, since short term solutions have little impact (Clifford, 1988). Short term and long term solutions to the current shortages need recruiting of new nurses, retaining the current ones, and increasing the capability of nursing schools. I suggest that the hospital invests in supplying various educational facilities and funding or financial aid to specific students as scholarships in nursing, which will encourage them to work in the institution in the future. Other strategies should include retaining the current nurses in the hospital by providing a suitable working environment. The management should also encourage those who had left the nursing career by promising them even better working conditions. In general, the hospital should improve its working conditions as well as improve professional development of the nurses in the hospital. I also propose the following provisions: scholarships for a number of nursing students; public service announcements and community education programs aimed at encouraging more students to pursue careers in nursing; career ladder programs; a fast-track faculty loan repayment program for those who wish and agree to join the hospitals workforce; practice grants for the administration; and long term training grants to those joining the nursing program within the hospital. The hospital should also strive to improve the current working conditions for nurses by banning compulsory overtime practices and improving the staff ratios. In general, there should be a structural and cultural change within the hospital. Notably, there is a huge gap between the supply of nurses and their demand in hospitals, which will even worsen in future. However, in trying to deal with this problem, the hospital needs to be concerned about the impact it would have on its finances. Importantly, all hospitals should form a team to help in training of students in the nursing professions and encourage nursing orientation as well (Hodgman, 1999). I propose to the hospital that they should come up with an in-service and continuing education, besides setting internal staff levels, which are based on nurse proficiency and skill mix. It is important that all health care organizations invest in nursing services. Hospitals face a lot of pressure when it comes to controlling their finances, and the nurses are the ones who receive large parts of the hospital budget. I propose hiring more nurses as a short term solution, because it could actually save the hospital some money. A large number of patient deaths and wasting of valuable time could actually be avoided if the number of nurses is inncreased. However, it is impossible to get new nurses because of the lack of professors to teach them. Patients nowadays require even more nursing care, but the situation is bad, since there are fewer nurses to give them the necessary care. Implementing the above mentioned measures will go a long way into improving the current situation. An increase in staff will take care of shortages, as the other proposals act for the long term. It is important that we take care of the future. The current workforce will eventually retire and hence leave a gap which may not be easily solved (Hodgman, 1999). Specific Strategies to Solve the Nursing Shortage I propose: the development of educational partnerships with other relevant institutions, promotion of bedside nurse retention programs, training of current staff and new and emerging leaders, initiation of various scholarship programs and clinical academies as well, reduction of costs such as registry and traveler costs, initiating programs that support creativity, and also developing a plan that will redesign the patient care delivery model. Developing educational partnerships (Education).. Reduced$ 300,000 per year The grant that provides the hospital with funding for education programs will be consolidated to generate savings. Partnerships in the education department will reduce the money used for training and retraining of nurses. Slashing registry and traveler costs (Transport). Reduced$ 500,000 per year The budget reduce guarantee funding for overseas travel expenses for the hospital executive officers, as well as reducing the number of the officers who travel out of the country for conferences and other official functions. The budget envisions give saving the greater priority. Forming a Frontline Leadership initiative that fosters creativity (Leadership). Frontline leadership development initiatives will reduce funds, which were traditionally spent by the hospital due to poor leadership and misappropriation of funds Promoting bedside nurse retention. Increased$ 1,000,000 The budget should be increased in order to save the amount used to care for very sick patients, who will be left to go home and return afterwards when the sickness deteriorate. Training staff and molding leaders (Education). Reduced$ 2 million Training of staff on the modern equipments will help reduce cost caused by mishandling and destruction of these equipments. Some of them are quite expensive and training of the employees will be important in reducing the cost of repair and maintenance. Conclusion These are all short and long term goals, which will take up to ten years. In evaluating the effectiveness of the proposals, it is important that the management evaluates every single plan I have discussed after every year. They should be able to note that there is a reduction in the overall cost of treating patients. Buy custom The Nursing Shortage essay

Emily Dickinson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Emily Dickinson - Essay Example In a tumultuous time, American writing became introspective and biographical (Casper, 19), and Dickinson's melancholic poetry of the self reflected both her immediate surroundings and her nationality. The mid-nineteenth century was also a time of high expectations for the future, and this was a theme that Dickinson picked up on in her work. The reader's expectations play a huge role in literature, and Dickinson played with them mercilessly, asking why we expect certain things and completely blind-siding us. Although it can be argued that our expectations of literature are merely to be entertained, and occasionally provoked, this essay will look at expectations as a motif of literature, both internal and external. This essay will look at five of Dickinson's poems, of varying lengths, styles and subjects, and show how the poet uses and manipulates the motif of 'expectation' to constantly surprise the reader, in ways both good and bad. It is difficult to date much of Dickinson's work, a s her copious output was private, and typically her texts lack titles. The first line of the first poem to be discussed is â€Å"I had been hungry all the years†, and is a perfect introduction to the idea of subverted expectations. The extended metaphor of the poem uses lunch to represent a long anticipation for an event which turns out to be extremely disappointing – although it sounds silly, Dickinson's use of rhyme and rhythm creates a pounding tone which reinforces the sense of misfortune, and of high hopes dashed. The speaker describes herself as â€Å"trembling† (3) in impatience to eat the food, only to find that it makes her feel â€Å"ill and odd† (14), and that â€Å"Nature's dining-room† (12) in which she ate before is far more suited to her temperament. This could be an allegory of growing up, as the speaker fails to mention if she was allowed to return. The final stanza concludes the moral of the story, that the mere fact of not being able to eat creates hunger, which â€Å"The entering [into the new realm] takes away† (20). The speaker's expectations were always fruitless. The repetition of the word 'hungry' grounds the poem, reminding the reader of the physicality of the subject. Punctuation provides the same function in â€Å"Frequently the woods are pink†, a poem which subverts the very notion of expectation itself. The speaker of â€Å"Frequently† expresses wonder at the â€Å"Wonderful Rotation!† (11) of the earth, turning everything alternately â€Å"pink† (1) and â€Å"brown† (2). The liberal sprinkling of dashes and exclamation marks – five of the former and three of the latter, in a poem just twelve lives long – induces the reader to pause at certain points in the poem, enhancing the effect of the preceding line. The pauses echo the speaker's surprise, and implicitly encourage the reader to ask themselves: why do we not find the fast rotation of th e earth as impressive and amazing as it is? Extending the question, does being accustomed to a phenomenon necessarily mean that we forget its wonder? The interjection of â€Å"– they tell me –† (9) increases the sense of wonder, as if the speaker cannot quite believe what â€Å"they† say. Sunrise and sunset are so magical as to deserve such a â€Å"Wonderful†