Wednesday, December 25, 2019

International Criminal Court - 872 Words

BACKGROUND After a coup d’à ©tat in 1969, Libya lived under Gaddafi’s authoritarian government for more than four decades. His regime was characterized by brutal repression against opposition through torture, massacres and public hangings or mutilations. This level of political repression was the government’s mean to maintain control over military and general population. Any kind of political association was forbidden, the media was controlled, and the population was closely surveillance for the government in order to avoid coup attempts. The Libyan Intelligence Service, whose chief was Abdullah Al-Senussi, was in charge of the security in and outside the country. The violence of Gaddafi’s regime transcended Libya frontiers as the monitoring of dissidents around the world ended up in the assassination of target opponents that were living in western countries. There were several attempts against Gaddafi’ regime, most of them lead by military officers but any of these efforts generated positive changes. On the contrary the officers and citizens that participated on the coups were arrested, tortured, and sentenced to death or long prison terms. Under such conditions citizens were afraid to express their dissent, but by February 2011, Libyan political history took a decisive turn. Political corruption and excessive freedom restrictions motivated protests that spread over the country. The government resort to the use of force against civilians, a reaction that was condemned forShow MoreRelatedAn International Criminal Court1718 Words   |  7 Pages The establishment of an international criminal court was a slow, arduous process. Following the horrific human rights violations committed by the Nazis in World War II, the global community began to take the proper steps to combat the notion that being at war sanctions gross abuses of human rights. It was not a lust for violence that elongated the process of establishing the ICC (international criminal court), but rather the long-time battle between accepting that the world is increasingly affectedRead MoreThe International Criminal Court ( Icc )1608 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction:- The international criminal court (ICC) is an unalike international organization, as it deals with individuals of the state parties and non state parties both. The Court among its wide prospects prosecutes individuals, accepts communications and complaints from them, and also allows for an independent official to initiate prosecution. But, independent officials in international organizations always have a controversial position given the fact that they have autonomy and authority toRead MoreAfrican Of The International Criminal Court5912 Words   |  24 Pageshumanitarian law. This commitment is shown first in domestic contexts in which African states have used their own criminal law systems to prosecute war criminals, in special tribunals such as that in Sierra Leone, and in African states well-established commitment to the international criminal Court. African countries have been actively involved in the establishment of the International Criminal Court and the Rome Statute more than 20 years ago, since negotiation started for the creation of the ICC. AmongRead MoreThe International Criminal Court ( Icc )3345 Words   |  14 PagesThe most fundamental aspects of the law, whether it be international or domestic is its abilities to reflect the ideals of justice and impartiality. The International Criminal Court (ICC) invests itself as a global institute to uphold international interests. However, it may be argued that the ICC has become affected by political influence, hindering its position to holistically deal with issues of law. This effect has given rise to the notion of a current crisis of political will. Although politicsRead MoreEssay on International Criminal Court2923 Words   |  12 PagesThe International Criminal Court (ICC) is a relatively new organization; only just a decade old and it has seen a great deal of hardships and success. Since the creation of ICC it has seen a vast deal of criticisms that â€Å"[range] from concerns about racism and neocolonialism† and so forth. Not only has it encountered criticisms, but as well, people have questioned the usefulness of this organization? In truth, is it necessary to question the value, based on what little it has accomplished and inRead MoreThe International Criminal Court : An Independent International Organization1578 Words   |  7 PagesAlshammari 23rd April 2016 The International Criminal Court The International Criminal Court is an independent international organization that is governed by the Rome Statute that is the first international criminal court that is permanent. Its establishment was as a result for the need to bring justice upon perpetrators that commit serious crimes against humanity. The Rome Statute which is the legal basis for establishing the permanent International Criminal Court was approved on 17th July 1998Read More International Criminal Court Essay examples1484 Words   |  6 PagesInternational Criminal Court Allegations of war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity have undoubtedly received unprecedented press coverage in recent years – more than at any time since Nuremberg. This is not because the incidences of such barbarities have increased, but simply because those crimes are brought to us more rapidly these days by the electronic media. Since the early 1990’s the international community has witnessed of a variety of criminal tribunalsRead MoreThe International Criminal Court As An Advocate For Peace2290 Words   |  10 Pages The International Criminal Court as Both Mediator and Arbiter in Conflicts Paul Daniel Thornton Dr. Lealle Ruhl POLI 1145 Peace and Conflict Studies Wednesday, November 16, 2016 INTRODUCTION In the pursuit of positive peace for the global community, certain mechanisms are necessary in order to better protect human rights and resolve interstate conflicts. Prior to the events of World War II, a cogent set of laws defining those human rights, much less violations therein were never heardRead More The Effectiveness of the International Criminal Court Essay2958 Words   |  12 PagesThere is a close relationship between human rights and criminal law. The scope of my paper will surround human rights and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in addition to human rights and international crimes. International criminal justice in this context speaks to those interested in prosecuting against the background of international human rights and humanitarian norms. The use of criminal law has many positive effects and pursues many goals that are worth considering. For example, deterrenceRead MoreThe International Criminal Court Of The United States1433 Words   |  6 PagesThe Int ernational Criminal Court try to not to have history repeat itself The International Criminal Court also known as the (ICC) are a group of judges who investigates and prosecutes individuals that are guilty of crimes such as genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity and only intervenes when a state cannot intervene or is unwilling to intervene or is an international concern (Understanding the International Criminal Court). Many inhumane corruptions were committed in the past such as

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Analysis of the Driving Factor Behind Early Colonists Essay

Analysis of the Driving Factor Behind Early Colonists Colonists began coming to the new world for a number of reasons. As numerous as the reasons may be they can be separated into two divisions, spiritual and material. In this course we have studied two sets of colonists in depth, the Puritans and the Chesapeake/Virginia colonists. The Puritans made the journey across the Atlantic for spiritual reasons while the settlers of the Chesapeake Bay colony came solely for material reasons. I will attempt to prove this by using A Modell of Christian Charity by John Winthrop and Looking Out for Number One: Conflicting Cultural Values in Early Seventeenth-Century Virginia by T.H. Breen. I will†¦show more content†¦For this end we must be knit together. This excerpt shows beyond a shadow of doubt that he saw the Massachusetts Bay Company as an important mission and the fate of the world relied on its success. There was further evidence of t he driving spiritual aspect in their theological democratic government. There government was very simple. There was a governor elected every year by the towns citizens. The only people allowed to be a citizen of the town were members of the church. Every aspect of their life revolved around their religion. The main reason they fled to America was to filter popish idolatry out of the Church of England and only by extraction from the corruption of Europe. America was their proverbial clean slate. Chesapeake Bay Colony settlers had a changing intent. The first settlers in the area were strongly driven by spiritual aspects, though not to the extent of the Puritans. With the discovery of tobacco the potency of religion in colonists lives dwindled. In 1622 Peter Arundle said any laborious honest man may in a short time become rich in this Country. Accounts say that the Virginia Colony drew street toughs and roughnecks fresh from the wars in Ireland. This subculture of the Jacob ean society was a violent one and they would employ this violence at a moments notice. This is where T.H. Breens essay received its name; the colonists were Looking Out for Number One. In this article Breen suggests that if theShow MoreRelatedJails and Prisons Comparison Paper1965 Words   |  8 Pages In considering the jails, as well as state and federal prisons, and in modern America, one must understand the historical contexts in which the three institutions were conceptualized and put into practice. Then a discussion of the reasons behind the drastic recent growth off these three ancient institutions must be had. Finally, a review of the security classifications which enable these facilities to carry out the business of incarceration and rehabilitation in a secure and safe mannerRead MoreBoyer Dbq Teacher Guide10764 Words   |  44 Pagesnote that the Spanish colonies established farther south and west were larger and more successful than those along the eastern coast of North America. C—Winthrop’s well-known â€Å"City on a Hill† statement serves as a reminder that many New England colonists were more concerned with establishing permanent colonies for their own religious freedom than they were with converting or trading with the native peoples. D—Nicholas Perrot—Description of the opening of a new area for the fur trade reflects theRead MoreReaction Paper : The End Of Poverty3923 Words   |  16 Pagesline is that poverty is a very tangible reality and it affects a billion people around the globe who live a life full of hardships and in the most truthful sense their life is a constant struggle of survival with all odds stacked against them. An analysis of the poor will reveal the identity and characteristics of a billion nameless people living under the weight of poverty, highlight the effects of penury on a person’s life chances and capability around the globe, examine the historical forces thatRead More The Privatization of American Prisons Essay4419 Words   |  18 Pagesin the private sector. Prisoners â€Å"paid† for their confinement from revenue resulting from their labor. Workhouses were moneymaking operations, sinecures, for officials who have no government funds to run an institution. Shortly after British colonists created the first Virginian settlements in 1607, a shipment of convicted felons arrived, shipped by British entrepreneurs to be used as indentured labor, a condition of their pardon. A process often used by private entrepreneurs, this, in turn, loweredRead MoreGlobal Business Cultural Analysis: South Africa6982 Words   |  28 PagesRunning head: GBCA – SOUTH AFRICA 1 Global Business Cultural Analysis: South Africa Raymond J. Landis BUSI 604-D06 LUO – International Business Professor – Dr. Stephen P. Preacher Liberty University May 13, 2011 GBCA – SOUTH AFRICA Abstract This paper will endeavor to form a comprehensive analysis of South African culture, principally for the perspective of doing business in that nation. Ultimately, the paper will point out the crucial points for US businesses to consider before committing toRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesgrowth models, following Solow (1956), Cass (1965) and Koopmans (1965), explain diï ¬â‚¬erences in income per capita in terms of diï ¬â‚¬erent paths of factor accumulation. In these models, cross-country diï ¬â‚¬erences in factor accumulation are due either to diï ¬â‚¬erences in saving rates (Solow), preferences (Cass-Koopmans), or other exogenous parameters, such as total factor productivity growth. More recent incarnations of growth theory, following Romer (1986) and Lucas (1988), endogenize steady-state growth andRead MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words   |  308 Pagestechnology rather than a gi ven company’s product line—it’s the Technology Adoption Life Cycle, after all. Thus it is spreadsheets, not VisiCalc, Lotus, or Excel, that is the adoption category, just as it is browsers, not Navigator or Explorer. In the early days products and categories were synonymous because technologies were on their first cycles. But today we have multiple decades of invention to build on, and a new offer is no longer quite as new or unprecedented as it used to be. The marketplaceRead MoreRogers Chocolate Analysis21131 Words   |  85 Pages25 6. How is the effectiveness of the company’s strategies? (ROIC) 26 7. What strategic problems does the company have? 33 8. What strategic issues need to be addressed? 34 9. External environmental analysis 35 10. Internal environment analysis 60 11. Determine the strategic factors of the company 70 12. Generating alternative strategies by using a TOWS matrix 73 13. Evaluate strategic alternatives – pros and cons. 74 14. Recommend strategic for company (short, medium, and long term)Read MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words   |  75 Pagesintroduces first State organized registration of the poor. Phases Prior to 1600 1600-1800 Prior to 1600 1084 1300s 1313 1348 1500 Social Work during 1600 -1800 A.D. 1600 - 1800 1600s Poor Law principles introduced to New World by Plymouth colonists. Poor and unfortunate divided into two groups: deserving sick, disabled, widows, orphans and thrifty old; and undeserving offenders, unmarried mothers, vagrants, unemployed and the old without savings. 1601 The Elizabethan Poor Law is establishedRead MoreEmilio Jacintos Trading Cooperative19425 Words   |  78 Pagesof Agriculture (USDA) in 1987: A cooperative is a 1.5 million years ago modern cooperative user-owned, user-controlled business that distributes in Africa. movement. The unique conbenefits on the basis of use. This definition captures tribution of early cooperative organizers in what are generally considered the three primary England was codifying a guiding set of principles cooperative principles: user ownership, user and instigating the creation of new laws that control, and proportional distribution

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Religious Relativity Essay Sample free essay sample

Relativism is the theory that truths. values. and norms are different for different people. depending on their cultural. economic. political and spiritual backgrounds. The theory of spiritual relativism requires pupils to digest other people’s spiritual beliefs and patterns. at the same clip acknowledging their ain beliefs and patterns as merely one system in a universe of diverse. yet every bit legitimate. spiritual systems. In todays society we see an array of people practising. sermon. and larning faith. We find people everyday that recognize their ain beliefs to be beliefs and nil more but we besides see people who consider their beliefs to be the truth and keep that truth to be the highest. I believe it is wholly possible for us to step outside of our ain belief system and to digest and understand other people’s spiritual beliefs. I believe faith instructors exemplify the theory of spiritual relativism the best. Religion instructors can really good believe in Christianity. Buddhism. or Hinduism but they recognize other faiths as good. Religion instructors don’t preach to their pupils. they simply explain each faith and the background behind it no affair what they themselves believe in. The teachers’ intent is non to prophesy to the pupils. The instructor merely provides an overview of each type of faith in a non-biased manner. The academic survey of faith requires us to follow relativism as portion of our methodological analysis so that we can appreciate every faith we learn about. Methodology is the procedure and a manner of seeking and having cognition. Relativism is needed. I think my beliefs have affected the manner I study faith this semester. I don’t name myself a Christian or Catholic but I do believe in God. That’s about every bit far as my spiritual beliefs go. I don’t keep my faith or beliefs to be the highest and I don’t think they are superior to all other beliefs or faiths. I am really unfastened and happen it really interesting to larn about other faiths and see what different people believe in. Religious relativism is really easy for me to grok and is really easy for me to pattern. Bing that I don’t see my points and positions to be the â€Å"absolute truth† so it is really easy for me to appreciate other faiths. beliefs and patterns. Each faith has it’s ain beliefs and patterns and it is critical for us to understand that. â€Å"Ethnocentrism is the position that one peculiar cultural group is someway superior to all others. The word ethnocentrism derives from the Grecian word ethnic group. intending states or people. and the English word centre. A common parlance for ethnocentrism is ; tunnel vision. In this context. ethnocentrism is the position that a peculiar cultural group’s system of beliefs and values is morally superior to all others† ( All About Philosophy. Bagish. Page 3 ) . Therefore. ethnocentrism is a bad construct when we are covering with cross-cultural acquisition. If one doesn’t follow relativism into their life so cross-cultural acquisition will be impaired. Adopting relativism will assist us to see things that others believe and things that we are non familiar with from person else’s position before we jump to decisions or do rough opinions. By following relativism we will understand that all positions have no absolute truth. that there is no individual sp iritual belief that can be universally true and that everyone has differences in perceptual experiences. I don’t believe there are fortunes where relativism shouldn’t be applied. However. I can understand why people in the old yearss would rebut the theory of relativism. For illustration. some faiths such as Hinduism are considered to be orthoprax and hence. would necessitate anyone who believed in their faith to stress pattern. or attachment to the jurisprudence. as the pre-requisite for redemption. Besides. pre-contact native Hawaiian faith was really much an orthoprax faith and required for their trusters to make all kinds of different things to demo that they were true followings. For illustration. in pre-contact native Hawaiian faith. trusters would execute rites such as forfeit and offerings to the God. Ku. When looking at faith in this sense. I can understand why people who whole-heartedly give everything they have into a certain faith wouldn’t be unfastened to any other faith or belief. Though. when looking at most orthoprax faiths. I can state why the followings of those certain faiths would dislike the issue of relativism. On the other manus. in today’s society we don’t truly find people who pattern pre-contact native Hawaiian faith and in America we hardly see people practising Raja yoga. So. we can besides state that relativism should be adopted by most people in today’s society. Particularly in faith categories. The intent of a faith category is non to prophesy and rock the pupil into believing or following a certain faith. the effect of the category is to supply the pupils with information and the theory that relativism can assist them appreciate the survey of different faiths. I believe that a pupil who is larning about faith decidedly has a duty to esteem all the beliefs and patterns of others. Religion category is based upon larning and appreciating others’ beliefs. patterns. and values. It wouldn’t do sense for a pupil who holds their faith to be the highest and the most baronial to analyze faith because everything the instructor tries to explicate to this pupil would be undistinguished. This pupil would non be able to larn about new faiths in a non-biased manner. There is a batch of intolerance nowadays when it comes to religion. I don’t think anyone should digest intolerance. particularly in faith. Everyone who surveies religion should cognize that there are differences in perceptual experience no affair what and no individual spiritual belief can be true for anyone. The theory of spiritual relativism requires pupils to digest other people’s spiritual beliefs and patterns. at the same clip acknowledging their ain beliefs an d patterns as merely one system in a universe of diverse. yet every bit legitimate. spiritual systems.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Elizabethan Audience Analysis Essay Example

Elizabethan Audience Analysis Paper Consider how Shakespeare’s themes of prejudice and chaos versus order were received by his contemporary audience. How does Geoffrey Sax’s production continue to find relevance in these issues for the modern audience? Othello is a play of tragedy; that examines the darker aspects of human existence, and forces us as audience to contemplate what it is to be human. Shakespeare privileges and challenges the Elizabethan attitudes and values towards the prejudices of race and gender while also presenting his contextual theme of chaos versus order. These values transcend the context of both modern and contemporary audiences and it is through the BBC adaptation by Geoffrey Sax that modern audiences are able to engage with relevance of these issues. Othello is a story of black and white, or even more so black versus white. Shakespeare represents this racial battle on an interesting level, as a battle of good versus evil which is always seen in black versus white. It is within the character and interactions of Othello that, Shakespeare privileges and challenges the idea of the prejudice of racism. It can easily been seen that in Elizabethan times there would be no-one who would look favourably on a â€Å"black† man yet Shakespeare has placed him in one of the highest positions as the general of the Venetian army in Cyprus. Othello is a man of confidence, nobility and rank yet he is constantly inferior because of his colour as can be seen through Iago who refers constantly to him as â€Å"The Moor† and even states him of one with the devil; â€Å" When devils will the blackest sins put on†( Act 2 Scene 3, Line 341). This is likely to represent the attitudes of a great deal of people at the time the play was written as even the Queen of England was racist as at one point she expres sed her discontent at the great number of ‘Negars and blackamoors which are crept into the realm’. We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabethan Audience Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabethan Audience Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabethan Audience Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Yet it is through Othello’s character that Shakespeare is able to challenge the stereotypical ideology of ‘The Moor’ by making him an Elizabethan hero. From the beginning of the play, Othello is depicted as a true hero. Even Iago admits constantly that Othello is â€Å"of a constant, loving, noble nature† (Act 2 Scene 1 Line 270) despite his hatred. He is a great general and a great man. Like any Elizabethan hero; he is flawed; his nobility and honesty permits Iago to use his deceitful ways. Whereas a black person would normally be used in Elizabethan literature to represent the darkness, Iago’s absolute evil takes on that role. Though a man of African or other wise indigenous heritage is typically portrayed in Elizabethan literature in a negative light it is in Othello that allows Shakespeare to make this â€Å"Moor† to be appreciated by Elizabethan audiences. The prejudice of racial discrimination is still relevant within modern society as it is still an issue of significant concern. Within Geoffrey Sax’s BBC production we the modern audience are able to engage with how these concerns are still a major part of our society, particularly the contextual significance of white and black audiences engaging with this production. This can be seen with Othello’s promotion which rather than being of personal significance is of political gain for his superiors. In addition to the prejudice of racism, the play also shows to some degrees of sexism. The play is also a study of gender, the ways by which Shakespeare, Shakespeare’s culture, and our culture define men and women. There are only three women in the play and each one is bound up in a relationship with a man and at the end of the play only one of the women survives. The word ‘gender’ describes those physical, biological, behavioural, verbal, textual, mythic and power dynamic cues that signal to others in the society, specifically the society of the Elizabethans. Constantly throughout the play, particularly Act 2 Scene 1, Line 108-112; â€Å"Come on, come on! You are pictures out of the door, Bells in your parlors, wildcats in your kitchens, devils being, offended, players in your housewifery, and housewives in your beds†. Although a joke, Iago’s speech represents a type of mistrust in all women. Furthermore Brabantio reminds Othello that Desdemona may be unfaithful to him. These kinds of perceptions make women very susceptible to the whims of men. To Shakespeare contemporary audience this would have been the accepted attitude, and would have been a respected dominant thinking that the Elizabethan patriarchal society. A stereotypical view regards women as the emotional, weak and submissive sex, resulting in their elimination from positions of high power. Women were seen as objects, to be used or manipulated, a view upheld through Iago’s line: â€Å"Look to your house, your daughters, and your bags†, as he likens women to mere possessions. In contrast, the male was traditionally seen as the stronger, wiser, and more reliable of the sexes, who should be involved in the processes of leadership and planning, as demonstrated by Lodovico’s praise of Othello: â€Å"the noble Moor, whom our full Senate call all-in-all-sufficient†. Thus, a Feminist reading of Othello examines how women are economically, socially, politically and psychologically oppressed in a Patriarchal society. Base use of animal imagery by Iago demonstrates the common stance on women: â€Å"wild-cats in your kitchens†¦players in your housewifery, and housewives in your beds. The submissive nature expected of women can be appreciated through the subservient and respectful manner with which Desdemona conducts herself in the courthouse: †Å"Most gracious duke, to my unfolding lend your prosperous ear. † As a result, Desdemona is viewed as a pure, innocent and loyal being, as evidenced through personification: â€Å"A maiden never bold; of spirit so still and quiet, that her motion blush’d at herself†. Such obedience is also demonstrated in Desdemona’s undying loyalty to Othello, even on her dead bed: â€Å"A guiltless death I die! and â€Å"Commend me to my kind lord. † However, a more independent side of women is presented in the Sax film, through the portrayal of females as more feisty and strong-willed, yet still suppressed by the trappings of their patriarchal society. Desdemona is portrayed by a brunette, who promotes a more sensual, sexual and feisty aura. This can be clearly identified in the establishing scenes of the film, where she moves confidently and swiftly through the abandoned streets of Venice, wrapped in a veil, to keep away from prying eyes, symbolic of the hold society has upon her. Similarly, the open passion displayed between Desdemona and Othello, in various and numerous mis-en-scenes of intimacy, juxtaposes the traditional reading of the play, where women were seen as inferior and dominated by males, rather than passionate and sexually familiarised. Due to the passionate, independent and strong-minded characterisation of women, as portrayed by the Geoffrey Sax film version of Othello, an intense feeling of unease is produced by the futile death of these innocent, but loyal women. As Othello begins to abandon reason and language, chaos takes over. His world begins to be ruled by chaotic emotions and very shady allegations, with order pushed to one side. This chaos rushes him into tragedy, and once Othello has sunk into it, he is unable to stop his fate from taking him over. Shakespeare’s structural choice of setting is very significant within the play, as Venice and Cyprus act as a metaphor for order and chaos with Venice representing the order, Christian faith, culture and civilisation while Cyprus is an island that represents that of conflict, war, isolation and political instability. This technique is again symbolic as it is also a figurative metaphor for Othello’s character, as he descends into madness the setting is a shift from the logical, calm and confident General to the mad, jealousy lover of Cyprus. Important is the contrast between Othello’s language as he falls into a trance, and Othello’s language in any previous part of the play, including Act III. He speaks in single, disconnected words†¹Ã¢â‚¬ handkerchief†¹confession†¹handkerchief,† or â€Å"Noses, ears, and lips†Ã¢â‚¬ ¹that completely contradict his ability to speak coherently and elegantly, as Othello has shown, especially in Ac t I with Brabantio. The lack of connection in his language parallels his descent into emotional and logical chaos; as he becomes more upset, without a true cause, he falls farther and farther from himself, and the order which typically rules him. Again, the theme of order vs. chaos comes into play. In the context of the Elizabethan period, power was of extreme social and cultural significance as it was in direct association to the status and structure of society. Elizabethan world view played an important part in Shakespeare’s text, and the Elizabethan people credited it’s involvement in his plays.